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Introduction: Between 44% and 53% of women with ovarian cancer use some form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) during the course of diagnosis and treatment, some of which may be hormonally active (HCAM). Studies have shown that ovarian cancer cells can express hormone receptors for estrogen, progesterone and Her-2/neu and that steroid hormone receptor status possesses prognostic significance. Current studies do not allow us to exclude the possibility that estrogens alone could stimulate ovarian cancer growth in a small fraction of patients. Indiscriminant use of these therapies may lead to under treatment of disease have a negative impact on long-term clinical outcomes including increased morbidity and mortality. Goal: The goal of this study was to develop a detailed understanding of HCAM and HRT use by women with ovarian...
service network design, practice of OR, rail transportation, strategic planning
Context. Observations of scattered light in the 1-5 mu m range have revealed dust grains in molecular cores with sizes larger than commonly inferred for the diffuse interstellar medium. It is currently unclear whether these grains are grown within the molecular cores or are an ubiquitous component of the interstellar medium. Aims. We investigate whether the large grains necessary for efficient scattering at 1-5 mu m are associated with the abundance of water-ice within molecular clouds and cores. Methods. We combined water ice abundance measurements for sight lines through the Lupus IV molecular cloud complex with measurements of the scattered light at 3.6 mu m for the same sight lines. Results. We find that there is a similar threshold for the cores in emission in scattered light at 3.6 pm (tau(9.7) = 0.15 +/- 0.05, A(K) = 0.4 +/- 0.2...
The precise determination of total organic carbon (TOC) in aquifer materials is important in the estimation of retardation coefficients for organic compound transport. Commonly used methods for TOC determination after carbonate removal by acidification include: weight loss on ignition of solids at 550° C, acid-dichromate oxidation, and combustion at 800–950° C. Since carbonate carbon frequently is more abundant than organic carbon all TOC methods depend on efficient and complete carbonate removal prior to the TOC quantification step. A method for the determination of TOC in aquifer solids involving carbonate removal by 0.73 M sulfurous acid and subsequent combustion at 800° C was tested on solids from three aquifers and on mineral standards. The carbon quantification by combustion and infrared detection of CO 2 was accurate at solid or...