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The work described herein details the synthesis and application of biphenyls that probe the effects of hydrogen, Cl / Br, and methyl substituents on the aryl ring of the terminal acetylenic carbon. From this work, we successfully developed the rapid synthesis of phenyl acetylenes in 3-4 steps from inexpensive commercially available materials. Using these mild conditions, a wide host of functionalized acetylenes has been easily achieved, avoiding complex and or difficult synthetic transformations With the functionalized acetylenes in had, we demonstrated that the subtle change from hydrogen to either methyl or halogen imparts diverse results when subjected to [4+2] or [3+2] cycloadditions. This knowledge has helped to explain other unexplained observations from previous work within this project. These biphenyls were then furt...
Poker has become the subject of an increasing amount of study in the computational intelligence community. The element of imperfect information presents new and greater challenges than those previously posed by games such as checkers and chess. Advances in computer poker have great potential, since reasoning under conditions of uncertainty is typical of many real world problems. To date the focus of computer poker research has centred on the development of ring game players for limit Texas hold’em. For a computer to compete in the most prestigious poker events, however, it will be required to play in a tournament setting with a no-limit betting structure. This thesis is the first academic attempt to investigate the underlying dynamics of successful no-limit tournament poker play. Professional players have proffered advice in ...
Techniques based on the perturbation of cavity resonators are commonly used to measure the permittivity and permeability of samples of dielectric and ferrite materials at microwave frequencies. They are also used to measure the local electric- and magnetic-field strengths in microwave structures including the shunt impedances of cavity resonators and the coupling impedances of slow-wave structures. This paper reexamines the assumptions made in the theory of these techniques and provides estimates of the errors of measurement arising from them
Recent advances in the control of CW magnetrons have raised the possibility of using these devices as the RF power sources for particle accelerators. This paper describes the conceptual design of a 1MW, 175MHz, CW magnetron and compares its performance with tetrode amplifiers.
This paper describes a simple method for modeling the performance of an Inductive Output Tube (IOT). The model reproduces the characteristics of an IOT with good accuracy over the full dynamic range of the tube.