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The cod fishing industry assumed a relevant position in the economic policies of the “Estado Novo”, who designated it as a “national industry”. Salazar’s régime tried to counterbalance the high import rate of cod by promoting the national production in this economic sector. The increase of national production immediately called for more manpower. That need was particularly felt in the Ílhavo region, where the activity was involving a large part of the population and represented a significant part of the local economy. On the other hand, the Ílhavo population retained a large part of the jobs of this national activity, including administrative positions. The long fishing campaigns deprived men from the company of their families. Conscious of the fact, the “Estado Novo” implemented a broad social security system based on diver...
During the Estado Novo, the migratory policy applied, specially by Salazar´s goverment, was restrictive. This position taken by the state did not satisfy the french administration’s will, who by seeing in the portuguese emigrants a desirable work force, always insisted in signing treaties which allowed a larger number of workers to enter french territory. As the result of various internal and external causes, illegal emigration networks were developed in the 60´s originated by smuggling. These networks, that spread into the inside of national territory and Spain in direction towards France arrived also to the Penedono area, where a source of illegal emigrants, angariadores and engajadores was found. By estabilishing a tangle of relationships inside and out of that small area, the conditions were established for taking a signif...
The work hereby presented intends to constitute the musealization of the different existing students’ dynamics existent in the context of the IST’s (Instituto Superior Técnico) environment. Therefore, we intended to formulate a comprehensive set of information, which has constituted a starting point in order to select a given number of objects, thus building a collection from the collected and treated information. In one word, different contents are presented, having in mind its future expositive treatment. During this investigation, the Oral History has played a relevant role as it has turned possible the attainment of information not findable in the written documentation and has allowed to expose one memorial narrative of the actors in the events, to whom was given the double possibility of telling and building simultaneous...
Agrarian Reform in Portugal arises in a revolutionary context, being a result of the Carnation Revolution in 25 of April, 1974. Workers occupied the large properties of the south and formed new production units, based on a system of collective management. The present historical research will analize the case of Beira Baixa, in the north of ZIRA (Zone of Intervention for Agrarian Reform), Idanha-a-Nova. The land issue in Idanha-a-Nova always provoked disagreements between the richest and the poorest, who lived in an area where agrarian collectivism and individualism stood strong. This county was marked in the twentieth century by poor living and working conditions, and had a high mass of temporary workers plagued by seasonal working conditions, famine and repression by large landowners. The Agrarian Reform gave hope of better working ...
On 25 April 1974, Portugal woke up to the sound of the military in the streets, to a movement that culminated in the overthrow of Marcello Caetano’s government. This coup was intended to end a dictatorship of over forty years, to lead to the fall of the regime and to put a stop to the colonial conflict that persisted for thirteen long years. At first, the population didn’t quite know how to react or what to expect. Was it a right-wing or a left-wing coup? Was it a military coup or a revolution? Hours went by and it became clear it could not be a left-wing coup, but it was certainly not right-wing. The Portuguese military had invaded the streets and overthrown the government, but why? Had it been only for corporate reasons? What did these men have in mind, what were their motivations? This paper proposes to find the answer to these qu...
Se procura caracterizar el surgimiento de la historia oral en Portugal a finales del siglo XX, para lo cual contribuyeron investigadores que trabajaron en contextos académicos extranjeros y venidos de áreas disciplinarias vecinas de la historia. Se esboza la situación de la historia oral identificando sus prácticas y destacando a las mujeres, investigadores más recientes, parte de los cuales ajenos a la academia. A partir del análisis de obras de Paula Godinho, Luísa Tiago de Oliveira y Dalila Cabrita Mateus, se revelan algunas posibilidades y problemas colocados por su utilización.