20,787 records were found.
A real time low energy spectral measurement of the neutrinos coming from the Sun will give us a greater understanding of energy production in the Sun, and the mechanisms of neutrino mixing. We will, for the first time, measure the solar neutrino spectrum for all solar neutrinos <2MeV in particular pp, Be and CNO neutrinos, be able to compare the solar photon derived energy luminosity (Lï§) to the solar neutrino derived energy luminosity (Lï®) independent of any solar model, explore dark energy with respect to mass varying neutrinos, and explore CNO abundances in the Sun. These measurements require new technology in Indium loaded scintillators and large scale detector designs, namely increased spatial resolution through a novel scintillation lattice. I will present the advances we are making to these fields at Virginia Tech as well as n...
The toxicity of ammonia has become an issue in recent years, especially in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Currently, the EPA has set a chronic criterion of 0.035 mg/L (unionized ammonia). The chronic criterion is a four-day average concentration that cannot be exceeded more than once every three years. However, a lack of data exists on the toxicity of ammonia to saltwater organisms. Prior to this research, the chronic criterion was based on two saltwater and four freshwater organisms. This research was conducted to add additional data so more appropriate criteria may be set.
Two saltwater fish, the Summer Flounder (Paralichthys dentatus), and the Atlantic Silverside (Menidia menidia) and one invertebrate, the Quahog Clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) were tested for acute toxicity to ammonia. The acute tests performed on the Summer Flounde...
The predicted protein product of open reading frame slr0328 from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, SynPTP, possesses significant amino acid sequence similarity with known low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). To determine the gross functional properties of this hypothetical protein, open reading frame slr0328 was cloned, and its predicted protein product was expressed in E. coli. The recombinant protein, SynPTP, was purified by metal ion column chromatography. The catalytic activity of SynPTP was examined toward several exogenous protein substrates that had been phosphorylated on either tyrosine residues or serine residues. SynPTP exhibited phosphatase activity toward tyrosine phosphorylated protein substrates (Vmax toward phosphotyrosyl 32P-casein was 1.5 nmol/min/mg). However, no phosphatase activity was detected towar...
A place is said to be meaningful when man feels "at home."
Looking at industrial cities, one finds an immense density to them. This results from the
communities surrounding the industry. These communities developed from the housing
supplied by the factories for the workers, primarily immigrants. They generally formed communities based on their ethnic origins and/or religious beliefs.
The craftsmanship, quality and conditions were not the best. Within this context some of the
strongest communities developed. Industry supplied these families with minimal housing.
These families created something greater - a place to live - a shelter they could return to
and a community to grow. The workers and their families succeeded in making a place of
their own.
1
A major pathway of tyramine and dopamine synthesis in insects is through the decarboxylation of tyrosine and DOPA, respectively. Although tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) has been mentioned in some reports, it has never been critically analyzed. The high sequence identity shared by tyrosine decarboxylase and DOPA decarboxylase in insects, and the similar structures of the substrates, tyrosine and DOPA, raise the possibility that both tyrosine decarboxylase and DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) have activities to tyrosine and DOPA. In this study, after tyrosine decarboxylase and DOPA decarboxylase enzymes of Anopheles gambiae were expressed, their substrate specificities and biochemical properties were critically analyzed. My results provide clear biochemical evidence establishing that the mosquito tyrosine decarboxylase functions primarily on the p...
We studied the reaction ep -> e'p'phi with a
4.2 GeV incident electron beam in the region of
the electroproduction variables Q2 from 0.7 to
2.2 GeV2 and W from 2.0 to 2.6 GeV. The data
were taken and analyzed at the Thomas Jefferson
National Accelerator Facility. For the first time,
we observe the expected t-slope dependence on
Q2 and Delta-Tau in phi vector meson production.
We find that the width of the forward phi-meson
diffraction peak increases rapidly as the
interaction time decreases below cDelta-Tau of
1 fm. Within a simple optical model framework,
the data show that phi meson has a smaller size
than the rho. The measured phi cross-section
dependence on Q2 is in a good agreement with
previous measurements and well-described by the
phenomenological Pomeron exchange model. Our
cr...
The purpose of this study was to determine factors impeding rapid completion of the dissertation. The population studied was 1990-95 graduates of the Department of Leadership and Policy Studies (formerly the Division of Administrative and Educational Services) of the College of Education at Virginia Tech. Two hundred ninety-four surveys were mailed. The total of potential eligible responses was 263. The total of returned, usable surveys was 192, for a return rate of 73 percent.
There was one primary research question, with four sub-questions:
Are there any student characteristics that can be used as flags for potential problems with completion of the dissertation?
1.Are there any personal characteristics associated with time to completion of the dissertation?
2.Are there any student situational conditions associated with time to comple...
In this thesis, the interface between the electron donor polymer and the electron acceptor fullerene in organic photovoltaic devices is studied. Starting from a bilayer system of donor and acceptor materials, the proximity of polymer and fullerene throughout the bulk of the devices is improved by inducing an interdiffusion of the two materials by heating the devices in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature of the polymer. In this manner, a concentration gradient of polymer and fullerene throughout the bulk is created. The proximity of a fullerene within 10 nm of any photoexcitation in the polymer ensures that the efficient charge separation occurs. Measurements of the absorption, photoluminescence, and photocurrent spectra as well as I-V characteristics are used to study the interdiffusion and its influence on the efficiency...
Two computer simulation studies were performed; one to help understand the
structure-function relationships of prolyl peptides (Part I) and the other to help predict more
efficient pharmaceutical drug delivery by molecular modification of small peptides (Part II).
In Part I, the free energy perturbation (FEP) method, using AMBER, was utilized to
calculate the Gibbs free energy difference between cis and trans conformers of Ace-Tyr-Pro-
NMe and Ace-Asn-Pro-NMe, from which the ratio of cis to trans conformers was obtained.
Our simulation generated much lower %cis for both peptides as compared with experimental
values and possible problems in our computational schemes are presented. However, our
results were encouraging in that they predicted preference of trans conformers for both
peptide...